Characteristics of Dietary Patterns in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Descriptive Analysis at Sidhi Sai Clinic, Badung, Bali

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) is a major health problem that continues to increase in Indonesia, including in Bali. The management of type 2 DM requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes medical nutrition therapy. Proper dietary patterns play a key role in blood glucose control. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of dietary patterns in type 2 DM patients at Sidhi Sai Clinic, Badung, Bali, in order to provide an overview of the patient's eating habits and factors that affect adherence to dietary recommendations. This study uses a descriptive design with a quantitative approach. The study population included all type 2 DM patients who visited Sidhi Sai Clinic during the study period. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique, totaling 120 patients. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires and patient medical records, then analyzed descriptively using SPSS statistical software version 25. The majority of respondents were aged 46-60 years old (45.0%) and were dominated by men (56.7%). Daily consumption of vegetables was carried out by 66.7% of respondents, fruits daily by 48.3%, while sugar consumption tended to be low with 75.0% of respondents consuming sugar only 1-2 times a week or less. These findings show a good awareness of the importance of a healthy diet in the management of type 2 diabetes. Education on proper dietary patterns and ongoing support from health professionals is essential to improve dietary adherence and management of type 2 DM. The results of this study provide valuable insights for the management of type 2 DM in Indonesia, especially in the Badung area, Bali, and can be used as a basis for designing more specific and effective education and intervention programs.